PAPER QUESTION NO. 5
(Comprehensions)
1. YEAR 2004
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9=15)
The use of atomic energy has promised vast possibilities for the mankind. In the beginning of this century Einstein advanced the theory that matter is energy and energy is matter and each may be converted into each other. He said that the atom contained vast stores of energy that may be used in a thousand way.
Today's reactors which obtain energy from the atom are not very efficient machines. They harness only one percent of the total energy available in the atom. Even this energy which is actually obtained from the atom is enormous. It is estimated that energy in one pound uranium is equivalent to that of three million pounds of coal.
The research in the mysteries of the atom is going on in many countries of the world. It is hoped that before long better and more efficient reactors will be built. These will be able to obtain atomic energy at an economical cost. Atoms provide compact form of fuel which provides a vast amount of energy and it also lasts longer.
Atomic energy can be used in many ways and for many purposes. It can be used to bring peace and prosperity to the whole of this earth. It can also be used to destroy the world and its inhabitants. It can perform miracles if we have the power and wisdom to use it for peaceful purposes. If we do not possess that wisdom, man has not many years to live on this earth.
Questions:
(i) What theory did Einstein present? (2)
(ii) What sort of reactors are required to obtain a vast amount of energy? (2)
(iii) What are the uses of atomic energy? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title to it. (9)
Today's reactors which obtain energy from the atom are not very efficient machines. They harness only one percent of the total energy available in the atom. Even this energy which is actually obtained from the atom is enormous. It is estimated that energy in one pound uranium is equivalent to that of three million pounds of coal.
The research in the mysteries of the atom is going on in many countries of the world. It is hoped that before long better and more efficient reactors will be built. These will be able to obtain atomic energy at an economical cost. Atoms provide compact form of fuel which provides a vast amount of energy and it also lasts longer.
Atomic energy can be used in many ways and for many purposes. It can be used to bring peace and prosperity to the whole of this earth. It can also be used to destroy the world and its inhabitants. It can perform miracles if we have the power and wisdom to use it for peaceful purposes. If we do not possess that wisdom, man has not many years to live on this earth.
Questions:
(i) What theory did Einstein present? (2)
(ii) What sort of reactors are required to obtain a vast amount of energy? (2)
(iii) What are the uses of atomic energy? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title to it. (9)
2. YEAR 2005
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
For a real success, mere faith in one's self in not enough. No doubt it is the most essential principle to be followed if one wishes to achieve success in life. One also must have a firm determination to act on what one thinks and decides to do. Faith in oneself must be supplemented by action. Faith and dreams do not bring anything for us. All successful and great men had faith as well as other qualities of action and making right decisions. The quality of action in itself depends upon many other qualities. Physical fitness is the most important quality needed for action. Moreover a healthy mind needs a healthy body. A sick man cannot maintain his confidence in himself. He loses interest in every good thing of life. Similarly taking wrong decisions brings so many problems for us. If we have decided to take up a wrong profession, which is not suitable for us, then no amount of faith in oneself and hard work can bring success in our life. Youth is the best time to realize the importance of above rules.
Questions:
(i) What is the first important principle for achieving success in life? (2)
(ii) What is the importance of action in life? (2)
(iii) Why is health important for our success? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title to it. (9)
3. YEAR 2006
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
The use of chemical toxins, however, has taken less widespread. Their large-scale use was first made during the world war I, but in modern history the Iraqi Army has earned notoriety in using piousness gases against the Kurd guerrillas and Iranian Army. The Russians have also used toxic agents against Afghan Mujaheddin and Chechen freedom fighters. But the limited tactical usages remove them from the domain of environmental warfare to the area of chemical and biochemical warfare. On the other hand, the use of toxins in Indo-China by U.S.A. is textbook example of environmental warfare. The Americans used herbicides to defoliate large areas of enemy controlled forests and vegetation the effects of which are present till today.
Questions:
(i) Give at least two examples of war tactics. (2)
(ii) Why are these war tactics not a useful weapon? (2)
(iii) What is the difference between the chemical warfare and environmental warfare? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give a suitable title to it. (9)
4. YEAR 2007
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
Travelling is the best means of acquiring sound knowledge. Knowledge thus gained is the result of first hand experience. A person who travels to various cities and towns from one end of Pakistan to the other and stays at different places for sometime gets a first rate knowledge of the country, places and its people. He comes to know the geography, the fauna and flora of the various regions, the people and their ways of life and their customs and manners. He enjoys the beauties of the countryside, the variety of scenes of the vast plains, the open valleys and the snow capped peaks of the mountains. One great advantage of the knowledge so gained is that it has the warmth of the personal experience and pulsates with life as opposed to the second hand knowledge gained from books.
Questions:
(i) What does the author mean by first hand knowledge? (2)
(ii) What is one great advantage of travelling? (2)
(iii) What things hold attraction for the traveller? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give a suitable title to it. (9)
5. YEAR 2008
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
Once we have found the habit of looking within, listening to ourselves and responding to our own impulses and feelings, we shall not let ourselves be so easily the victims of uncontrollable emotions and effects; the inner life, instead of being either a gaping void or a ghoulish nightmare, will be open to cultivation and in both personal conduct and in art will bring us into more fruitful and loving relations which other men, whose hidden depths will flow through the symbols of arts into our own. At this point we can nourish life again more intensely from the outside too, opening our minds to every touch and sight and sound, instead of anesthetizing ourselves continually to much that goes on around us, because it has become so meaningless, so unrelated to our inner needs. With such self-discipline, we shall in time, control the tempo and rhythm of our day; control the quantity of stimuli that impinge on us; control our attention so that the things we do shall reflect our purposes and values, as human beings not the extraneous purposes and values of the machine.
Questions:
(i) How can we control our emotions? (2)
(ii) How can we cultivate loving relations with other men? (2)
(iii) What is meant by the phrase "the extraneous purposes and values of the machine"? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title to it. (9)
Questions:
(i) How can we control our emotions? (2)
(ii) How can we cultivate loving relations with other men? (2)
(iii) What is meant by the phrase "the extraneous purposes and values of the machine"? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title to it. (9)
6. YEAR 2009
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end in your own words. (6+9 =15)
The tyrannical regimes of several dictators like Stalin, Mussolini and Hitler form a very important part of our world history. Why don't we learn from this? Why don't we stop the continuing debate between the supremacy of despotism over democracy or vice versa? Democracy has attracted support since the time of ancient Greece because it represents an ideal of justice as well as a form of government. The ideal and the practice of democracy are inseparably linked because rulers subjected to voter approval are more likely to treat the voters justly. Many of us may say that the ideal of justice and equality is easier said than done. I admit that our own country reflects this but we still have the right to choose in election. All we need is the ability to face up to our rights and demand our rights fearlessly. In my opinion we lack this fearlessness. In short, we lack true patriotism.
Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) also encouraged the concept of democracy and all of the four Caliphs following him based system of their government and administration on this form of government. But what about a country in which ruling party is a despot? What if it turns out to be a fascist then what choices are the citizens of the country left with? If the natural rights of life, liberty and property are not guaranteed, the people have the right to overthrow the government.
Questions:
(i) What was the Greek ideal of democracy? (2)
(ii) Why do we have ineffective democracy in Pakistan? (2)
(iii) What was the practice of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the four Caliphs in this connection? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give a suitable title to it. (9)
Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) also encouraged the concept of democracy and all of the four Caliphs following him based system of their government and administration on this form of government. But what about a country in which ruling party is a despot? What if it turns out to be a fascist then what choices are the citizens of the country left with? If the natural rights of life, liberty and property are not guaranteed, the people have the right to overthrow the government.
Questions:
(i) What was the Greek ideal of democracy? (2)
(ii) Why do we have ineffective democracy in Pakistan? (2)
(iii) What was the practice of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the four Caliphs in this connection? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give a suitable title to it. (9)
7. YEAR 2010
Teaching, more even than most other professions, has been transformed during the last hundred years from a small, highly skilled profession concerned with a minority of the population, to a large and important branch of the public service. The profession has a great and honourable tradition, extending from the dawn of history until recent times, but any teacher in the modern world who allows himself to be inspired by the ideals of his predecessors is likely to be made sharply aware that it is not his function to teach what he thinks, but to instill such beliefs and prejudices as are thought useful by his employers. In former days a teacher was expected to be a man of exceptional knowledge or wisdom, to whose words men would do well attend. In antiquity teachers were not an organized profession and no control was exercised over what they taught. It is true that they were often punished afterwards for their subversive doctrines. Socrates was put to death and Plato is said to have been thrown into prison but such incidents did not interfere with the spread of the doctrines.
Questions:
(i) What change has occurred in the profession of teaching during the last hundred years? (2)
(ii) What were the teachers supposed to be in olden days? (2)
(iii) What is the function of a teacher now-a-days? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give it a suitable title. (9)
8. YEAR 2011
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
A person who is aware of his duties and rights in his society is a good citizen. He knows that he is a member of a group with which he is associated by a thousand and one ties. He realizes that he should live in harmony with others in society. He cannot live alone. He must live with his fellow human beings. But living in a society means co-operation with others. When you live in a society, you have to live as others live. You have to accept conditions and traditions that a society prescribes for its members. These conditions and standards of behaviour are for the common good and welfare of the society and individuals. Society gives some rights and some duties. A good citizen does his best to do his duty to the society. He always keeps in view the interests of his society and state. He lives a clean and honest life. He keeps away form such activities that may harm the interest of his fellow citizens. A good citizen is aware of the fact that he is indebted to his society in many ways. He knows that the labour and work of countless persons have enriched his life. His life, to a very great extent, depends on others. He has received much in material and spiritual benefits from others. It is only just and right that he should pay his debts.
Questions:
(i) Who is a good citizen? (2)
(ii) What are the duties of a good citizen? (2)
(iii) Why is society formed? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give it a suitable title. (9)
9. YEAR 2012
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
10. YEAR 2013
To rock the cradle is symbolic of bringing up the child. All great rulers - all persons, who have moulded the destiny of nations, have been children once in their lives, having been brought up at that stage by their mothers. And the training, they received at the formative period of life, must have exercised a far-reaching influence on their character. Thus, it is true that the mother makes the future ruler.
A close study of the lives of great rulers, conquerors and statesmen goes to show that many of them owe a great deal of their powers and resources to the tender care of their mothers. The lives of all great men were largely shaped by their mothers. Countless examples can be given in this respect.
On the contrary, whenever a career is spoiled, the cause invariably is the want of a good mother. The reason why many of our boys and girls do not grow into perfect human beings is that they miss the ministering influence of a noble-minded mother at the period when they need it. In fact, mothers are truly the makers of nations. In this context, it is justly said. "The hand that rocks the cradle rules over the world."
Questions
(i) Is it true that it is the mother who makes the future of rulers? Explain. (2)
(ii) What does a close study of the biographies of great rulers, conquerors and statesmen bring to light? (2)
(iii) Explain the reason why many of our boys and girls do not grow into perfect human beings. (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and give it a suitable title. (9)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions at the end. (6+9 =15)
Science offers the possibility of far greater well-being for the human race than has ever been known before. It offers this on certain conditions: abolition of war, even distribution of ultimate power, and limitation of the growth of population. All these are much nearer to being possible than they ever were before. In Western industrial countries as they become modernized, unless dictators and missionaries interfere. The even distribution of ultimate power, economic, as well as political, has been nearly achieved in Britain, and other democratic countries are rapidly moving towards it. The prevention of war? It may seem a paradox that to say that we are nearer to achieving this than ever before, but I am persuaded that it true.
Questions:
(i) On what conditions can science be used for the better well-being of human beings? (2)
(ii) What does the writer say about population growth in the Western industrial countries and its application to other countries? (2)
(iii) What does the writer say about economic and political power in relation to Britain and other democratic countries? (2)
(iv) Make a precis of the passage and suggest a suitable title for it. (9)
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions in your own words. (6 + 9 = 15)
In its wider sense composition means the expression of our writing, so composition is necessarily of two kinds, oral and written. Both these forms of composition are equally important and very closely connected. We have to be careful in the choice and use of our words in speaking and in writing. If we learn to speak clearly and exactly, we shall be able to write exactly and clearly. But writing requires of greater clearness and exactness than speaking does. In speaking what we have to say can be made effective by the tone of our voice, the expression on our face and by the movement of our hands, but in writing we have to depend entirely on the sense conveyed by the words we use. Sir Francis Bacon has rightly said that writing makes an exact man. Writing tends to make a man exact because he cannot write well about a subject unless he knows the subject well. To write well you have to be clear in your own mind as to what you are going to say.
Questions:
(i) Why should we be careful in the choice and use of words? (2)
(ii) What did Bacon mean when he said that writing makes an exact man? (2)
(iii) How can we make our power of writing good? (2)
(iv) Suggest a suitable title and make a precis of the passage given above. (9)
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